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Form 10-Q BioRestorative Therapies For: Mar 31

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UNITED
STATES

SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington,
D.C. 20549

 

FORM
10-Q

 

[X] QUARTERLY REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For
the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2020

 

or

 

[  ] TRANSITION REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For
the Transition Period from _________ to _________

 

Commission
file number: 001-37603

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC.

(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   91-1835664

(State or other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

40
Marcus Drive, Melville, New York

  11747
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
  (Zip
Code)

 

(631)
760-8100

(Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title
of each class
  Trading
symbol(s)
 

Name
of exchange on which registered

None   N/A   N/A

 

Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [  ] No [X]

 

Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit such files). Yes [  ] No [X]

 

Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”
“smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large
accelerated filer
[  ] Accelerated
filer
[  ]
       
Non-accelerated
filer
[  ] Smaller
reporting company
[X]
       
    Emerging
growth company
[  ]

 

If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act: [  ]

 

Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ]
No [X]

 

As
of March 26, 2021, there were 3,025,029,710 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

 

 

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)

FORM
10-Q

FOR
THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2020 AND 2019

 

TABLE
OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

PART
I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item
1. Financial Statements

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

(DEBtor-in-possession)

CONDENSED
Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

    March 31,     December 31,  
    2020     2019  
    (Unaudited)        
ASSETS                
                 
Current Assets:                
Cash   $ 4,780     $ 1,664  
Accounts receivable     26,000       32,000  
Prepaid expenses     22,221       35,199  
Total Current Assets     53,001       68,863  
                 
Equipment, net     43,361       68,402  
Right of use asset     560,883       589,894  
Intangible assets, net     720,440       739,164  
                 
Total Assets   $ 1,377,685     $ 1,466,323  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT                
                 
Current Liabilities:                
Accounts payable   $ 2,048,776     $ 1,954,427  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     2,918,550       2,921,164  
Accrued interest     962,602       697,658  
Lease liability     89,222       85,465  
Notes payable, net of debt discount of $0 and $1,247,422, respectively     8,021,695       7,145,906  
Derivative liabilities     4,375,231       915,959  
Total Current Liabilities     18,416,076       13,720,579  
                 
Lease liability, net of current portion     497,714       521,890  
                 
Total Liabilities Subject to Compromise     18,913,790       14,242,469  
                 
Commitments and Contingencies                
                 
Stockholders’ Deficit:                
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; Authorized, 20,000,000 shares; none
issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019
           
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; Authorized, 300,000,000,000 shares; Issued
and outstanding 1,594,651,383 and 77,851,633, respectively
    159,467       7,787  
Additional paid in capital     68,425,346       65,786,213  
Accumulated deficit     (86,120,918 )     (78,570,146 )
                 
Total Stockholders’ Deficit     (17,536,105 )     (12,776,146 )
                 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit   $ 1,377,685     $ 1,466,323  

 

The
accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY 

(debtor-inpossession)

CONDENSED
Consolidated STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

  

    Three Months Ended  
    March 31, 2020     March 31, 2019  
                 
Revenues   $ 26,000     $ 29,000  
                 
Operating expenses:                
Marketing and promotion     22,008       15,837  
Consulting     34,012       599,734  
Research and development     186,328       455,006  
General and administrative     602,641       1,286,759  
Total operating expenses     844,989       2,357,336  
                 
Loss from operations     (818,989 )     (2,328,336 )
                 
Other expense:                
Interest expense     (2,866,036 )     (316,944 )
Amortization of debt discount     (1,066,526 )     (743,142 )
Loss on extinguishment of notes payable, net     (658,152 )     (448,486 )
Change in fair value of derivative liabilites     (2,141,069 )     (46,264 )
Total other expense     (6,731,783 )     (1,554,836 )
                 
Net loss   $ (7,550,772 )   $ (3,883,172 )
                 
Net Loss Per Share                
– Basic and Diluted   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.28 )
                 
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding                
– Basic and Diluted     960,077,909       13,645,991  

 

The
accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

(debtor-in-possession)

CONDENSED
Consolidated STATEMENTS of CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

(Unaudited)

  

    Common Stock     Additional Paid-in     Accumulated     Total Shareholders’  
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Deficit     Deficit  
                               
Balance at January 1, 2020     77,851,633     $ 7,787     $ 65,786,213     $ (78,570,146 )   $ (12,776,146 )
                                         
Shares and warrants issued for cash     1,000,000       100       9,900             10,000  
Shares issued in exchange of notes payable and accrued interest     1,515,799,750       151,580       2,407,352             2,558,932  
Stock-based compensation:                                        
– options                 221,881             221,881  
Net loss                       (7,550,772 )     (7,550,772 )
Balance as of March 31, 2020     1,594,651,383     $ 159,467     $ 68,425,346     $ (86,120,918 )   $ (17,536,105 )
                                         
Balance at January 1, 2019     11,728,394     $ 1,173     $ 55,280,045     $ (63,922,256 )   $ (8,641,038 )
                                         
Shares and warrants issued for cash     1,000,000       100       99,900             100,000  
Shares issued in satisfaction of accrued consulting services     10,000       1       7,199             7,200  
Shares issued in exchange for notes payable and accrued interest     1,984,017       198       1,510,084             1,510,282  
Shares issued and recorded as debt discount in connection with a note payable issuances and
extensions
    10,000       1       7,051             7,052  
Reclassification of derivative liabilities to equity                 2,517,254             2,517,254  
Stock-based compensation:                                        
– options                 729,678             729,678  
Net loss                       (3,883,172 )     (3,883,172 )
Balance as of March 31, 2019     14,732,411     $ 1,473     $ 60,151,211     $ (67,805,428 )   $ (7,652,744 )

 

The
accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)

CONDENSED
Consolidated STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

 

    Three Months Ended  
    March 31, 2020     March 31, 2019  
Cash flows from operating activities:                
Net Loss   $ (7,550,772 )   $ (3,883,172 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:                
Amortization of debt discount     1,066,526       743,142  
Accretion of interest expense     2,810,973       127,743  
Depreciation and amortization     43,764       52,663  
Stock-based compensation     221,881       785,678  
Loss on extinguishment of note payables, net     658,152       263,848  
Gain on settlement of payables           (29,300 )
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities     2,141,069       46,264  
Non-cash effect of right of use asset     8,592        
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:                
Accounts receivable     6,000        
Prepaid assets and other current assets     12,978       (87,581 )
Security deposit           22,100  
Accounts payable     94,349       (289,771 )
Accrued interest, expenses and other current liabilities     37,842       268,224  
                 
Net cash used in operating activities     (448,646 )     (1,980,162 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:                
Proceeds from notes payable     441,762       3,073,918  
Payments on notes payable           (1,315,000 )
Sales of common stock and warrants for cash     10,000       600,000  
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities     451,762       2,358,918  
                 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents     3,116       378,756  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period     1,664       117,523  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period   $ 4,780     $ 496,279  
                 
Supplemental cash flow information:                
Cash paid for:                
Interest   $     $ 126,169  
Non-cash investing and financing activities:                
Shares issued and recorded as debt discount in connection with notes payable
issuances and extensions
  $     $ 7,052  
Shares issued in exchange for notes payable and accrued interest   $ 2,558,932     $ 1,510,282  
Shares and warrants issued in satisfaction of accrued consulting services   $     $ 7,200  
Reclassification of derivative liabilities to equity   $     $ 2,517,254  
Bifurcated embedded conversion options and warrants recorded as derivative
liability and debt discount
  $ 2,377,818     $ 2,331,602  
Sale of warrants recorded as derivative liabilities   $ 10,000     $  
Warrants and options issued for consulting services recorded as derivative
liabilities
  $     $ 56,000  
Accrued interest reclassified to notes payable principal   $     $ 23,013  

 

The
accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC.

(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)

NOTES
TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

NOTE
1 – NATURE OF THE ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS

 

Corporate
History

 

BioRestorative
Therapies, Inc. has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Stem Pearls, LLC (“Stem Pearls”). BioRestorative Therapies, Inc.
and its subsidiary are referred to collectively as “BRT” or the “Company”.

 

On
March 20, 2020 (the “Petition Date”), the Company filed a voluntary petition commencing a case (the “Chapter
11 Case”) under chapter 11 of title 11 of the U.S. Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of
New York (the “Bankruptcy Court”).

 

On
August 7, 2020 the Company and Auctus Fund, LLC (“Auctus”), the Company’s largest unsecured creditor and a stockholder
as of the Petition Date, filed an Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”) and on October 30, 2020, the Bankruptcy
Court entered an order (the “Confirmation Order”) confirming the Plan, as amended. Amendments to the Plan are reflected
in the Confirmation Order. On November 16, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), the Plan became effective. See Note 10 –
Subsequent Events for additional information.

 

Nature
of the Business

 

BRT
develops therapeutic products and medical therapies using cell and tissue protocols, primarily involving adult stem cells. BRT’s
website is at www.biorestorative.com. BRT is currently developing a Disc/Spine Program referred to as “brtxDISC”.
Its lead cell therapy candidate, BRTX-100, is a product formulated from autologous (or a person’s own) cultured mesenchymal
stem cells collected from the patient’s bone marrow. The product is intended to be used for the non-surgical treatment of
painful lumbosacral disc disorders or as a complimentary therapeutic to a surgical procedure. BRT is also engaging in research
efforts with respect to a platform technology utilizing brown adipose (fat) for therapeutic purposes to treat type 2 diabetes,
obesity and other metabolic disorders and has labeled this initiative its ThermoStem Program. Further, BRT has licensed a patented
curved needle device that is a needle system designed to deliver cells and/or other therapeutic products or material to the spine
and discs or other potential sites.

 

Liquidity

 

The
accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue
as a going concern, which contemplates realization of assets and satisfying liabilities in the normal course of business. At March
31, 2020, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $86,121,000 and working capital deficiency of approximately
$18,363,000 For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company had a loss from operations of approximately $819,000
and negative cash flows from operations of approximately $449,000. The Company’s operating activities consume the
majority of its cash resources. The Company anticipates that it will continue to incur operating losses as it executes its development
plans for 2021, as well as other potential strategic and business development initiatives. In addition, the Company has had and
expects to have negative cash flows from operations, at least into the near future. The Company has previously funded, and plans
to continue funding, these losses primarily through current cash on hand received subsequent to quarter end and additional
infusions of cash from equity and debt financing.

 

The
Company believes the following has been able to mitigate the above factors with regards to its ability to continue as a going
concern: (i) as part of its Chapter 11 reorganization approximately $14,700,000 in outstanding debt and other liabilities were
exchanged for (a) shares of common stock, (b) new convertible notes or (c) new convertible notes and warrants to purchase shares
of common stock; (ii) the Company secured DIP financing during its Chapter 11 Case in the amount of $1,189,413 as well as an aggregate
amount of $3,848,548 in debt financing from Auctus and others as part of the Company’s Chapter 11 reorganization, to sustain
operations; and (iii) pursuant to the plan of reorganization, Auctus is required to loan to the Company, as needed and subject
to the Company becoming current in its SEC reporting obligations, an additional amount equal to $3,500,000, less the amount of
Auctus’ DIP financing ($1,226,901, inclusive of accrued interest) and its DIP costs. As a result of the above, the Company
believes it has sufficient cash to fund operations for the twelve months subsequent to the filing date. In addition, the Company
is seeking further funding to commence and complete a Phase 2 clinical study of the use of BRTX-100.

 

 

There
is no assurance that these funds will be sufficient to enable the Company to fully complete its development activities or attain
profitable operations. If the Company is unable to obtain such additional financing on a timely basis the Company may have to
curtail its development, marketing and promotional activities, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s
business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately the Company could be forced to discontinue its operations
and liquidate.

 

The
accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going
concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of
assets and liabilities presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent
realizable or settlement values. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments
that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

 

NOTE
2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Basis
of Presentation

 

The
accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial information as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019
has been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, such financial information includes all adjustments (consisting
only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position at such dates and
the operating results and cash flows for such periods. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily
indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year or for any other subsequent interim period.

 

Certain
information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted
pursuant to the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These unaudited financial statements
and related notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December
31, 2019 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 18, 2021.

 

Principles
of Consolidation

 

The
unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary
Stem Pearls. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

 

Use
of Estimates

 

The
preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity-based transactions, revenue and expenses and disclosure
of contingent liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company bases its estimates
and assumptions on historical experience, known or expected trends and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable.
As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ from these estimates which
may cause the Company’s future results to be affected.

 

The
Company believes the following critical accounting policies affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation
of the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates include the carrying value of
intangible assets, deferred tax asset and valuation allowance, estimated fair value of derivative liabilities stemming from convertible
debt securities, and assumptions used in the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model, such as expected volatility, risk-free interest
rate, and expected divided rate.

 

 

Revenue

 

The
Company derives all of its revenue pursuant to a license agreement between the Company and a stem cell treatment company (“SCTC”)
entered into in January 2012, as amended in November 2015. Pursuant to the license agreement, the SCTC granted to the Company
a license to use certain intellectual property related to, among other things, stem cell disc procedures and the Company has granted
to the SCTC a sublicense to use, and the right to sublicense to third parties the right to use, in certain locations in the United
States and the Cayman Islands, certain of the licensed intellectual property. In consideration of the sublicenses, the SCTC has
agreed to pay the Company royalties on a per disc procedure basis.

 

Practical
Expedients

 

As
part of ASC Topic 606, the Company has adopted several practical expedients including:

 

Significant
Financing Component – the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration
for the effects of a significant financing component since the Company expects, at contract
inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service
to the customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year
or less.
Unsatisfied
Performance Obligations – all performance obligations related to contracts with
a duration for less than one year, the Company has elected to apply the optional exemption
provided in ASC Topic 60 and therefore, is not required to disclose the aggregate amount
of transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially
satisfied at the end of the reporting period.
Right
to Invoice – the Company has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount
that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance
completed to date. The Company may recognize revenue in the amount to which the entity
has a right to invoice.

 

Contract
Modifications

 

There
were no contract modifications during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Contract modifications are not routine in the performance
of the Company’s contracts.

 

Cash

 

The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.
There were no cash equivalents as of March 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

 

Accounts
Receivable

 

Accounts
receivable are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of allowances for doubtful accounts. The Company periodically
assesses its accounts and other receivables for collectability on a specific identification basis. The Company provides for allowances
for doubtful receivables based on management’s estimate of uncollectible amounts considering age, collection history, and
any other factors considered appropriate. Payments are generally due within 30 days of invoice. The Company writes off accounts
receivable against the allowance for doubtful accounts when a balance is determined to be uncollectible. The Company did not record
an allowance for doubtful accounts as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

 

Property
and Equipment

 

Property
and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the
related assets, generally three to fifteen years. Expenditures that enhance the useful lives of the assets are capitalized and
depreciated. Computer equipment costs are capitalized, as incurred, and depreciated on a straight-line basis over a range of 3
– 5 years.

 

 

Leasehold
improvements are amortized over the lesser of (i) the useful life of the asset, or (ii) the remaining lease term. Maintenance
and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The Company capitalizes cost attributable to the betterment of property and equipment
when such betterment extends the useful life of the assets. At the time of retirement or other disposition of property and equipment,
the cost and accumulated depreciation will be removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss, if any, will be reflected
in operations.

 

Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets

 

The
Company reviews long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is determined by comparing
the forecasted undiscounted net cash flows of the operation to which the assets relate to the carrying amount. If the operation
is determined to be unable to recover the carrying amount of its assets, then these assets are written down first, followed by
other long-lived assets of the operation to fair value. Fair value is determined based on discounted cash flows or appraised values,
depending on the nature of the assets.
During
the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not record a loss on impairment.

 

Intangible
Assets

 

The
Company records its intangible assets at cost in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles
– Goodwill and Other. Definite lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful life using the straight-line
method, which is determined by identifying the period over which the cash flows from the asset are expected to be generated.

 

Advertising
and Marketing Costs

 

The
Company expenses advertising and marketing costs as they are incurred. Advertising and marketing expenses were $22,008 and $15,837
for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and are recorded in marketing and promotion on the unaudited
condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Fair
Value Measurements

 

As
defined in ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” fair value is the price that would be received to sell
an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price).
The Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including
assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable,
market corroborated, or generally unobservable. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to
measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
or liabilities (level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurement). This fair value measurement
framework applies at both initial and subsequent measurement.

 

Level
1:
Quoted
prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those
in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on
an ongoing basis. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives, marketable securities
and listed equities.
   
Level
2:
Pricing
inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable
as of the reported date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies.
These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for
commodities, time value, volatility factors and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well
as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the
full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions
are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category generally include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as commodity
swaps, interest rate swaps, options and collars.
   
Level
3:
Pricing
inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with
internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value.

 

 

See
Note 7 – Derivative Liabilities for additional details regarding the valuation technique and assumptions used in valuing
Level 3 inputs.

 

Net
Loss per Common Share

 

Net
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the
year. All vested outstanding options and warrants are considered potential common stock. The dilutive effect, if any, of stock
options and warrants are calculated using the treasury stock method. All outstanding convertible notes are considered common stock
at the beginning of the period or at the time of issuance, if later, pursuant to the if-converted method. Since the effect of
common stock equivalents is anti-dilutive with respect to losses, options, warrants, and convertible notes have been excluded
from the Company’s computation of net loss per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

 

The
following table summarizes the securities that were excluded from the diluted per share calculation because the effect of including
these potential shares was antidilutive due to the Company’s net loss position even though the exercise price could be less
than the average market price of the common shares:

 

    Three Months Ended March 31,  
    2020     2019  
             
Options     4,874,617       4,750,868  
Warrants     8,823,490       4,601,841  
Convertible notes     20,614,707,544 (1)     10,747,471 (1)
Total     20,628,405,651       20,100,180  

 

(1)
As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, many of the convertible notes had variable conversion prices and the shares issuable were estimated
based on the market conditions. Pursuant to the note agreements, there were 360,796,730 and 56,462,559 shares of common
stock reserved for future note conversions as of March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

Stock-based
Compensation

 

The
Company applies the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires the measurement
and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based awards made to employees, including employee stock options, in the
statements of operations.

 

For
stock options issued to employees and members of the board of directors for their services, the Company estimates the grant date
fair value of each option using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The use of the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires
management to make assumptions with respect to the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the common stock consistent
with the expected life of the option, risk-free interest rates and expected dividend yields of the common stock. For awards subject
to service-based vesting conditions, including those with a graded vesting schedule, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation
expense equal to the grant date fair value of stock options on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which
is generally the vesting term. Forfeitures are recorded as they are incurred as opposed to being estimated at the time of grant
and revised.

 

Pursuant
to Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-07 Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to
Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, the Company accounts for stock options issued to non-employees for their services
in accordance ASC 718. The Company uses valuation methods and assumptions to value the stock options that are in line with the
process for valuing employee stock options noted above.

 

 

Since
the shares underlying the Company’s 2010 Equity Participation Plan (the “Plan”) are registered, the Company
estimates the fair value of the awards granted under the Plan based on the market value of its freely tradable common stock as
reported on the OTC Markets. On February 3, 2020, the Company was advised by OTC Markets Group that, based upon the closing bid
price of the Company’s common stock being less than $0.001 per share for five consecutive trading days, the Company’s
common stock was moved from the OTCQB Market to the Pink Market effective at market open on February 10, 2020. The fair value
of the Company’s restricted equity instruments was estimated by management based on observations of the cash sales prices
of both restricted shares and freely tradable shares. Awards granted to directors are treated on the same basis as awards granted
to employees. Upon the exercise of an option or warrant, the Company issues new shares of common stock out of its authorized shares.

 

Income
Taxes

 

Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the unaudited condensed
consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred
tax assets, including tax loss and credit carry forwards, and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply
to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

The
Company utilizes ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected
future tax consequences of events that have been included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements or tax
returns. The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method to compute the differences between the tax
basis of assets and liabilities and the related financial amounts, using currently enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is
recorded when it is “more likely than not” that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. At March 31, 2020 and December
31, 2019, the Company’s net deferred tax asset has been fully reserved.

 

For
uncertain tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold, the Company recognizes the benefit of uncertain
tax positions in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company’s practice is to recognize interest
and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements
of operations when a determination is made that such expense is likely.

 

Derivative
Financial Instruments

 

The
Company evaluates its convertible instruments to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify
as derivative financial instruments to be separately accounted for in accordance with Topic 815 of the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (“FASB”) ASC. The accounting treatment of derivative financial instruments requires that the Company record
embedded conversion options (“ECOs”) and any related freestanding instruments at their fair values as of the inception
date of the agreement and at fair value as of each subsequent balance sheet date. Any change in fair value is recorded as non-operating,
non-cash income or expense for each reporting period at each balance sheet date. Conversion options are recorded as a discount
to the host instrument and are amortized as amortization of debt discount on the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
over the life of the underlying instrument. The Company reassesses the classification of its derivative instruments at each balance
sheet date. If the classification changes as a result of events during the period, the contract is reclassified as of the date
of the event that caused the reclassification.

 

The
Multinomial Lattice Model and Black-Scholes Model were used to estimate the fair value of the ECOs of convertible notes payable,
warrants, and stock options that are classified as derivative liabilities on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The models include subjective input assumptions that can materially affect the fair value estimates. The expected volatility is
estimated based on the actual volatility during the most recent historical period of time equal to the weighted average life of
the instruments.

 

 

Sequencing
Policy

 

Under
ASC 815-40-35 (“ASC 815”), the Company has adopted a sequencing policy, whereby, in the event that reclassification
of contracts from equity to assets or liabilities is necessary pursuant to ASC 815 due to the Company’s inability to demonstrate
it has sufficient authorized shares as a result of certain securities with a potentially indeterminable number of shares, shares
will be allocated on the basis of the earliest issuance date of potentially dilutive instruments, with the earliest grants receiving
the first allocation of shares. Pursuant to ASC 815, issuances of securities to the Company’s employees and directors, or
to compensate grantees in a share-based payment arrangement, are not subject to the sequencing policy.

 

Leases

 

In
February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”)). The standard requires all leases that have
a term of over 12 months to be recognized on the balance sheet with the liability for lease payments and the corresponding right-of-use
(“ROU”) asset initially measured at the present value of amounts expected to be paid over the term. Recognition of
the costs of these leases on the income statement will be dependent upon their classification as either an operating or a financing
lease. Costs of an operating lease will continue to be recognized as a single operating expense on a straight-line basis over
the lease term. Costs for a financing lease will be disaggregated and recognized as both an operating expense (for the amortization
of the ROU asset) and interest expense (for interest on the lease liability). This standard, which the Company adopted on January
1, 2019, was applied on a modified retrospective basis to leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest
comparative period presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The adoption of ASU 2016 – 02 did not
have a material impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 

A
lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period
of time in exchange for consideration. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 and it primarily affected the accounting
treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Company is the lessee.

 

In
accordance with ASC 842, Leases, the Company recognized an ROU asset and corresponding lease liability on its balance sheets
for its office space lease agreement. See Note 9 for further discussion, including the impact on the Company’s unaudited
condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 

ROU
assets include any prepaid lease payments and exclude any lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease expense for
minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease terms may include options to extend
or terminate the lease if it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.

 

Leases
in which the Company is the lessee are comprised of office rental. All of the leases are classified as operating leases. The Company
has a lease agreement for office space with a remaining term of 4.75 years as of March 31, 2020.

 

Recently
Issued Accounting Standards

 

In
January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill
Impairment, which eliminated the calculation of implied goodwill fair value. Instead, companies will record an impairment charge
based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount of goodwill over its fair value. This guidance simplifies the
accounting as compared to prior GAAP. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. This standard,
adopted as of January 1, 2020, had no material impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

All
newly issued but not yet effective accounting pronouncements have been deemed to be not applicable or immaterial to the Company.

 

 

NOTE
3 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

The
Company is a party to a license agreement with the SCTC (as amended) (the “SCTC Agreement”). Pursuant to the SCTC
Agreement, the Company obtained, among other things, a worldwide, exclusive, royalty-bearing license from the SCTC to utilize
or sublicense a certain medical device patent for the administration of specific cells and/or cell products to the disc and/or
spine (and other parts of the body) and a worldwide (excluding Asia and Argentina), exclusive, royalty-bearing license to utilize
or sublicense a certain method for culturing cells. Pursuant to the license agreement with the SCTC, unless certain performance
milestones had been or are satisfied, the Company would have been required to pay to the SCTC $150,000 by April 2017 and an additional
$250,000 by April 2019 in order to maintain its exclusive rights with regard to the disc/spine technology. In February 2017, the
Company received authorization from the Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) to proceed with a Phase 2 clinical
trial. Based upon such authorization, the Company has satisfied a performance milestone such that the Company was not required
to pay to the SCTC a minimum amount of $150,000 by April 2017 to retain exclusive rights with regard to the disc/spine technology.
In addition, the Company believes that it has until February 2022 to complete the Phase 2 clinical trial in order to satisfy the
final performance milestone such that the Company was not required to pay the additional $250,000 by April 2019 pursuant to the
SCTC Agreement to maintain its exclusive rights.

 

Intangible
assets consist of the following:

 

    Patents and Trademarks     Licenses     Accumulated Amortization     Total  
Balance as of January 1, 2019   $    3,676     $ 1,301,500     $ (491,117 )   $ 814,059  
Amortization expense                 (74,895 )     (74,895 )
Balance as of December 31, 2019     3,676       1,301,500       (566,012 )     739,164  
Amortization expense                 (18,724 )     (18,724 )
Balance as of March 31, 2020   $ 3,676     $ 1,301,500     $ (584,736 )   $ 720,440  
Weighted average remaining amortization period at March 31, 2020 (in years)     0.75       9.65                  

 

Amortization
of intangible assets consists of the following:

 

    Patents and Trademarks     Licenses     Accumulated Amortization  
Balance as of January 1, 2019   $    2,944     $ 488,173     $ 491,117  
Amortization expense     368       74,527       74,895  
Balance as of December 31, 2019     3,312       562,700       566,012  
Amortization expense     92       18,632       18,724  
Balance as of March 31, 2020   $ 3,404     $ 581,332     $ 584,736  

 

NOTE
4 – ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

Accrued
expenses and other current liabilities consist of:

 

   

March 31,

2020

   

December 31,

2019

 
             
Accrued payroll   $ 178,305     $ 152,308  
Accrued research and development expenses     806,175       806,175  
Accrued general and administrative expenses     1,325,695       1,392,743  
Accrued director compensation     557,500       557,500  
Accrued rent     50,875       12,438  
Total accrued expenses   $ 2,918,550     $ 2,921,164  

 

 

NOTE
5 – NOTES PAYABLE

 

A
summary of the notes payable activity during the three months ended March 31, 2020 is presented below:

 

    Related Party Notes     Convertible Notes     Other Notes     Debt Discount     Total  
Outstanding, January 1, 2020   $ 1,285,000     $ 6,768,326     $ 340,000     $ (1,247,420 )   $ 7,145,906  
Issuances     353,762       88,000                   441,762  
Third-party purchases     (287,041 )     287,041                    
Exchanges for equity           (813,393 )           253,654       (559,739 )
Conversions to equity                              
Repayments                              
Extinguishment of notes payable                              
Recognition of debt discount                       (2,958,796 )     (2,958,796 )
Accretion of interest expense                       2,886,036       2,886,036  
Amortization of debt discount                       1,066,526       1,066,526  
Outstanding, March 31, 2020   $ 1,351,721     $ 6,329,974     $ 340,000     $   $ 8,021,695  

 

Related
Party Notes

 

As
of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, related party notes consisted of notes payable issued to certain directors of the Company,
family members of an officer of the Company, and the Tuxis Trust (the “Trust”). A former director and principal stockholder
of the Company (the “Director/Principal Stockholder”) serves as a trustee of the Trust, which was established for
the benefit of his immediate family.

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company issued to a former board member notes payable in the aggregate principal amount
of $353,762, which bore interest at the rate of 12{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum and provided for original maturity date of March 10, 2020. As of
March 31, 2020, these notes are in default. Subsequent to March 31, 2020, pursuant to the Bankruptcy (See Note 10 – Subsequent
Events), these notes were exchanged for a Secured Convertible Note in a principal amount of $490,698.

 

Convertible
Notes

 

Issuances

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company issued to a certain lender a convertible note payable in the principal amount
of $88,000 for aggregate cash proceeds of $85,000 The difference was recorded as a debt discount and will be amortized over the
term of the note. The convertible note bore interest at 10{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum payable at maturity with an original maturity date of January
31, 2021. The outstanding principal and accrued interest was convertible after 180 days at a conversion price of 61{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the lowest
daily volume weighted average price over the twenty days prior to the conversion date. The convertible note contained a cross-default
provision and was in default as of March 31, 2020. As a result, the convertible note bore a default interest of 22{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum.
Subsequent to March 31, 2020, pursuant to the Bankruptcy (see Note 10 – Subsequent Events), the convertible note, in the aggregate
amount of $155,000 (including principal and accrued interest), was exchanged for 15,500,000 chares of the Company’s common
stock. See below within Note 7- Derivative Liabilities for additional details regarding the ECO of the convertible note.

 

Embedded
Conversion Options and Note Provisions

 

As
of March 31, 2020, outstanding convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of $5,611,168 were convertible into shares
of common stock of the Company as follows: (i) $911,485 of aggregate principal amount of convertible notes were convertible at
a fixed price ranging from $0.25 to $2.00 per share for the first six months following the respective issue date, and thereafter
at a conversion price generally equal to 58{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the fair value of the Company’s stock, subject to adjustment, until the
respective note had been paid in full, (ii) $4,096,724 of aggregate principal amount of convertible notes were convertible generally
at a range of 58{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} to 65{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the fair value of the Company’s stock, subject to adjustment, depending on the note, and (iii)
$602,959 of aggregate principal amount of convertible notes were convertible into shares of common stock of the Company at a conversion
price ranging from $0.50 to $0.60 per share, subject to adjustment, and five-year warrants to purchase common stock of the Company
in the same ratio. The warrants provide for an exercise price ranging from $0.75 to $0.80 per share, subject to adjustment. Convertible
notes in the aggregate principal amount of $340,000 provided for a mandatory conversion into common stock of the Company and warrants
to purchase common stock of the Company in the same ratio upon the completion of an underwritten public offering by the Company
of its securities whereby the conversion price was to be equal to the lower of the respective original conversion terms, or 75{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}
of the offering price for the shares of common stock of the Company, or units of shares of common stock of the Company and warrants,
as the case may be, sold pursuant to the public offering. The Company analyzes the ECOs of its convertible notes at issuance to
determine whether the ECO should be bifurcated and accounted for as a derivative liability or if the ECO contains a beneficial
conversion feature. See below within this Note 5 – Notes Payable – Convertible Notes – Embedded Conversion Options
and Note Provisions and Note 7 – Derivative Liabilities for additional details regarding the ECOs of the convertible notes.

 

 

As
of March 31, 2020, a portion of convertible notes with an aggregate principal balance of $1,386,500, which were not yet convertible,
were to become convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock subsequent to March 31, 2020 at a conversion price
generally equal to 58{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the fair value of the Company’s stock, subject to adjustment, until the respective notes had been
paid in full.

 

As
of March 31, 2020, outstanding convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1,263,750 had prepayment premiums, whereby,
in the event that the Company elected to prepay certain notes during the one hundred eighty-day period following the issue date,
the respective holder was entitled to receive a prepayment premium of up to 135{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}, depending on the note, on the then outstanding
principal balance including accrued interest.

 

As
of March 31, 2020, outstanding convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of $4,324,882 had most favored nation (“MFN”)
provisions, whereby, so long as such respective note was outstanding, upon any issuance by the Company of any security with certain
identified provisions more favorable to the holder of such security, then at the respective holder’s option, those more
favorable terms were to become a part of the transaction documents with the holder. As of March 31, 2020, notes with applicable
MFN provisions were convertible using MFN conversion prices equal to 58{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the fair market value of the Company’s stock,
as defined.

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company determined that certain ECOs of issued or extended convertible notes were derivative
liabilities. The aggregate issuance date value of the bifurcated ECOs was $2,493,531, of which $2,377,818 was recorded as a debt
discount and is being amortized over the terms of the respective convertible notes. As of March 31, 2020, outstanding notes totaling
$4,201,019 were in default. See Note 7 – Derivative Liabilities for additional details.

 

The
conversion rights discussed above were subject to the Company’s Chapter 11 reorganization discussed below.

 

Conversions,
Exchanges and Other

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company and certain lenders exchanged convertible notes with bifurcated ECOs with an
aggegate net carrying amount of $1,580,587 (including an aggregate of $523,516 of principal less debt discount of $234,301, $126,043
of accrued interest and $1,165,329 related to the separated ECOs accounted for as derivative liabilities) for an aggregate of
1,515,799,750 shares of the Company’s common stock at conversion prices ranging from $0.0001 and $0.01 per share. In addition,
prior to the Petition Date, certain lenders intended to exchange outstanding debt (inclusive of accrued interest) for shares of
the Company’s common stock; however, the Company did not have sufficient shares authorized or reserved to effect the exchanges.
As such, the outstanding debt was exchanged as part of the Plan at a rate of 100 shares for each dollar of the allowable claim
at the Effective Date.

 

Chapter
11 Reorganization

 

On
March 20, 2020, the Company filed a voluntary petition commencing a case under chapter 11 of title 11 of the U.S. Code in the
United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of New York. Pursuant to the Bankruptcy (see Note 10 – Subsequent
Events), for any outstanding principal and interest at the date of the Company’s Chapter 11 petition (except for creditors
who provided additional debt financing in connection with the Bankruptcy), 100 shares of the Company’s common stock
were issued for each dollar of allowed claim, with such shares subject to leak-out restrictions prohibiting the holder
from selling, without the consent of the Company, more than 33{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the issued shares during each of the three initial 30 day periods
following the Effective Date. As a result of the chapter 11 reorganization, pursuant to ASC 852, Reorganizations, the
Company has recorded all prepetition liabilities at the expected allowable claim amounts as of March 31, 2020. This resulted in
the Company amortizing the remaining debt discount of $2,583,107 to interest expense on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements
of operations.

 

 

NOTE
6 – Stockholders’ DEFICIT

 

Authorized
Capital

 

Subsequent
to March 31, 2020 and pursuant to the Chapter 11 plan of reorganization (see Note 10 – Subsequent Events), the Company filed a
Certificate of Amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation pursuant to which, among other things, the number of shares of common
stock authorized to be issued by the Company has been increased to 300,000,000,000 and the par value of the shares of its common
stock has been reduced to $0.0001 per share. The effect of the change in par value has been reflected in the statement of changes
in stockholders’ deficit for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

 

Warrant
and Option Valuation

 

The
Company has computed the fair value of warrants and options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The expected
term used for warrants and options issued to non-employees is the contractual life and the expected term used for options issued
to employees and directors is the estimated period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The Company utilizes
the “simplified” method to develop an estimate of the expected term of “plain vanilla” employee option
grants. The Company is utilizing an expected volatility figure based on a review of the historical volatilities, over a period
of time, equivalent to the expected life of the instrument being valued, of similarly positioned public companies within its industry.
The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining term
consistent with the expected term of the instrument being valued.

 

Common
Stock and Warrant Offering

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and a five-year
immediately vested warrant for the purchase of 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price of
$0.015 per share to a certain investor for gross proceeds of $10,000. The warrants had an aggregate grant date fair value of $10,000.
The warrants were subject to the Company’s sequencing policy and, as a result, were initially recorded as derivative liabilities.
See Note 7 – Derivative Liabilities for additional details.

 

Warrant
Activity Summary

 

In
applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model to warrants granted or issued, the Company used the following assumptions:

 

    For the Three Months Ended  
    March 31,  
    2020     2019  
Risk free interest rate     1.63 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}     2.47{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 2.62 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}
Contractual term (years)     5.00       1.00 – 5.00  
Expected volatility     202 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}     140{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 150 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}
Expected dividends     0.00 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}     0.00 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}

 

The
weighted average estimated fair value of the warrants granted during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was approximately
$0.01 and $0.51 per share, respectively.

 

 

A
summary of the warrant activity during the three months ended March 31, 2020 is presented below:

 

                Weighted        
          Weighted     Average        
          Average     Remaining     Aggregate  
    Number of     Exercise     Life     Intrinsic  
    Warrants     Price     In Years     Value  
Outstanding, January 1, 2020     8,379,177     $ 1.43                  
Granted     1,000,000       0.015                  
Exercised                            
Forfeited     (555,687 )     1.06                  
Outstanding, March 31, 2020     8,823,490     $ 1.29       3.5     $  
                                 
Exercisable, March 31, 2020     8,823,490     $ 1.29       3.5     $  

 

The
following table presents information related to stock warrants at March 31, 2020:

 

Warrants Outstanding     Warrants Exercisable  
            Weighted        
      Outstanding     Average     Exercisable  
Exercise     Number of     Remaining Life     Number of  
Price     Warrants     In Years     Warrants  
  $0.00 – $0.015       1,000,000       4.8       1,000,000  
  $0.20 – $1.99       5,662,301       3.8       5,662,301  
  $2.00 – $2.99       75,000       3.6       75,000  
  $3.00 – $3.99       70,000       3.3       70,000  
  $4.00 – $4.99       1,759,976       1.4       1,759,976  
  $5.00 – $5.99       182,667       1.2       182,667  
  $6.00 – $7.99       40,000       0.3       40,000  
  $10.00 – $15.00       33,546       0.2       33,546  
          8,823,490       3.5       8,823,490  

 

Stock
Options

 

In
applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model to stock options granted, the Company used the following assumptions:

 

      For the Three Months Ended  
      March 31,  
      2020       2019  
Risk free interest rate     {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}     2.21{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 2.62 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}
Expected term (years)           0.07 – 5.00  
Expected volatility     {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}     104{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 156 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}

 

The
Company did not issue stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

 

The
weighted average estimated fair value of the stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2019 was approximately $44,247
per share.

 

 

A
summary of the option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2020 is presented below:

 

                Weighted        
          Weighted     Average        
          Average     Remaining     Aggregate  
    Number of     Exercise     Life     Intrinsic  
    Options     Price     In Years     Value  
Outstanding, January 1, 2020     4,879,617     $ 0.99                  
Granted                                    
Forfeited     (5,000 )     3.71                  
Outstanding, March 31, 2020     4,874,617     $ 0.98       6.9     $  
                                 
Exercisable, March 31, 2020     4,063,292     $ 1.03       6.6     $  

 

The
following table presents information related to stock options at March 31, 2020:

 

Options Outstanding     Options Exercisable  
            Weighted        
      Outstanding     Average     Exercisable  
Exercise     Number of     Remaining Life     Number of  
Price     Options     In Years     Options  
  $0.26 – $0.74       175,000       9.4       175,000  
  $0.75 – $0.99       4,622,117       6.6       3,810,791  
  $1.00 – $5.99       5,000       4.2       5,000  
  $6.00 – $19.99       37,500       3.8       37,500  
  $20.00 – $30.00       35,000       2.0       35,000  
          4,874,617       6.6       4,063,291  

 

The
following table presents information related to stock option expense:

 

                      Weighted Average  
                    Remaining  
    For the Three Months Ended     Unrecognized at     Amortization  
    March 31,     March 31,     Period  
    2020     2019     2020     (Years)  
Consulting   $ 34,012     $ 296,081     $ 79,358       0.6  
Research and development     60,104       149,794       203,679       1.3  
General and administrative     127,765       283,802       290,000       0.6  
    $ 221,881     $ 729,677     $ 573,037       0.9  

 

NOTE
7 – DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES

 

The
following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of Level 3 derivative liabilities that are measured at fair
value on a recurring basis:

 

Beginning balance as of January 1, 2020   $ 915,959  
Issuance of derivative liabilities     2,483,532  
Extinguishment of derivative liabilities in connection with convertible note repayments and exchanges     (1,165,329 )
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities     2,141,069  
Reclassification of derivative liabilities to equity      
Beginning balance as of March 31, 2020   $ 4,375,231  

 

 

In
applying the Multinomial Lattice and Black-Scholes option pricing models to derivatives issued and outstanding during the three
months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company used the following assumptions:

 

    For the Three Months Ended  
    March 31,  
    2020     2019  
Risk free interest rate     0.06{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 2.16{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}       2.21{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 2.62{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}  
Expected term (years)     0.02 – 5.00       0.07 – 5.00  
Expected volatility     54{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 163{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}       104{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} – 156{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}  
Expected dividends     0.00 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}     0.00 {14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded new derivative liabilities in the aggregate amount of $2,473,532 and
$10,000 related to the ECOs of certain convertible notes payable and warrants subject to sequencing, respectively. See Note 5
– Notes Payable – Convertible Notes for additional details. See Note 6 – Stockholders’ Deficit for warrants
issued and deemed to be derivative liabilities.

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company extinguished an aggregate of $1,165,329 of derivative liabilities in connection
with the exchanges of certain convertible notes payable into shares of the Company’s common stock. See Note 5 – Notes
Payable – Conversions, Exchanges and Other for additional details.

 

On
March 31, 2020, the Company recomputed the fair value of ECOs recorded as derivative liabilities to be $4,375,231. The Company
recorded a loss on the change in fair value of these derivative liabilities of $2,141,069 for the three months ended March 31,
2020.

 

On
March 31, 2020, the Company recomputed the fair value of the derivative liabilities related to outstanding warrants to be $-.
These warrants are either redeemable for cash equal to the Black-Scholes value, as defined, at the election of the warrant holder
upon a fundamental transaction pursuant to the warrant terms or were issued subsequent to the commencement of sequencing. The
Company did not record a gain or loss on the change in fair value of these derivative liabilities for the three months ended March
31, 2020.

 

Note
8 –
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Operating
Lease

 

The
Company is a party to a lease for 6,800 square feet of space located in Melville, New York (the “Melville Lease”)
with respect to its corporate and laboratory operations. The Melville Lease was scheduled to expire in March 2020 (subject to
extension at the option of the Company for a period of five years) and provided for an annual base rental during the initial term
ranging between $132,600 and $149,260. In June 2019, the Company exercised its option to extend the Melville Lease and entered
into a lease amendment with the lessor whereby the five-year extension term commenced on January 1, 2020 with annual base rent
ranging between $153,748 and $173,060. Rent expense for the Melville office was $- and $30,000 for the three months ended March
31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. See Note 9 – Leases for additional detail.

 

Litigation,
Claims and Assessments

 

Coventry
Enterprises, LLC

 

On
February 11, 2020, pursuant to an Order to Show Cause of the United States District Court of the Eastern District of New York
(the “Court”), in the matter of Coventry Enterprises, LLC vs. BioRestorative Therapies, Inc., pending the hearing
of the plaintiff’s application for a preliminary injunction, the Court issued a temporary restraining order enjoining the
Company from issuing any additional shares of stock except for purposes of fulfilling the plaintiff’s share reserve requests
or conversion requests until such reserve requests were fulfilled and enjoining the Company from reserving authorized shares for
any other party until the plaintiff’s reserve requests were fulfilled. Pursuant to a hearing held on February 13, 2020,
the temporary restraining order with regard to the Company issuing shares of common stock was not continued.

 

 

On
March 11, 2020, the Court ordered that the Company (i) convene and hold a special meeting, by no later than March 18, 2020, of
the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), for approval of certain changes to the shares of the Company,
as set forth below; (ii) approve a reverse split and/or a stock consolidation, solely of the Company’s outstanding shares,
at a ratio of 1,000 to 1, (iii) approve of the continuation of the Company’s then total authorized shares of common stock
at 2,000,000,000 shares; and (iv) to call a special meeting of stockholders of the Company, within ten days of the special meeting
of the Board and by not later than March 25, 2020, to approve the foregoing. On March 18, 2020, the Board considered the matter,
and, based upon the Court order, determined to approve the foregoing items, including the 1,000 to 1 reverse split, subject to
the Company having available funds to effectuate such items. As discussed above in this Note 13 under “Chapter 11 Reorganization,”
on March 20, 2020, the Company filed a petition commencing its Chapter 1 Case. As of the date of this report, the Company has
not effected the reverse split.

 

The
Company records legal costs associated with loss contingencies as incurred and accrues for all probable and estimable settlements.

  

Bonus
Accruals

 

As
of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had remaining accruals of approximately $0 and $27,000, respectively, for
bonus milestones which were achieved in prior years and remain unpaid.

 

Appointment
or Departure of Directors and Certain Officers

 

The
Company and Mark Weinreb, its former Chief Executive Officer (“ Former CEO”), were parties to an employment agreement
that, as amended, was to expire on December 31, 2019. Pursuant to the employment agreement, as amended, in the event that (a)
the Former CEO’s employment was terminated by the Company without cause, or (b) the Former CEO terminated his employment
for “good reason” (each as defined in the employment agreement), or (c) the term of the Former CEO’s employment
agreement was not extended beyond December 31, 2019 and within three months of such expiration date, his employment was terminated
by the Company without “cause” or the Former CEO terminated his employment for any reason, the Former CEO was to be
entitled to receive severance in an amount equal to his then annual base salary and certain benefits, plus $100,000 (in lieu of
bonus). Further, in the event that the Former CEO’s employment was terminated by the Company without cause, or the Former
CEO terminated his employment for “good reason”, following a “change in control” (as defined in the employment
agreement), the Former CEO would be entitled to receive severance in an amount equal to one and one-half times his then annual
base salary and certain benefits, plus $300,000 (in lieu of bonus). Additionally, as part of the amended employment agreement,
the Former CEO was entitled to new performance-based cash bonuses payable for the years ending December 31, 2018 and 2019, such
that an aggregate of up to 50{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the Former CEO’s then annual base salary per annum could be earned for such year pursuant
to the satisfaction of such goals. The Former CEO resigned his employment with the Company on November 16, 2020, the effective
date of the Chapter 11 reorganization. Based upon such termination of employment, the Former CEO was entitled to receive his severance
of $400,000 and certain benefits plus $100,000, and the option accelerations as discussed above. The severance amount was generally
considered an unsecured claim in the Company’s Chapter 11 Case and the Former CEO received shares of the Company’s
common stock in exchange for such claim in a manner consistent with other unsecured creditors.

 

On
March 16, 2020, the Company and Mark Weinreb, its Chief Executive Officer, entered into an agreement pursuant to which, among
other matters, the term of his employment agreement with the Company was extended to the earlier of (i) September 30, 2020 or
(ii) the effective date of a plan of liquidation of the Company.

 

Conversion
of Convertible Notes

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, certain lenders requested to exchange a portion of their outstanding convertible note principal
and accrued interest for shares of the Company’s common stock. As of the Petition Date these shares had yet to be issued
to the lenders; however, the shares of the Company’s common stock issued for unsecured claims as part of the Plan to the
certain lenders represented the aggregate unsecured claims less the principal and accrued interest that was represented in the
uneffected exchanges. The Company believes that there may be a potential contingency related to the non-issued shares that would
be settled in shares of the Company’s common stock and not monetary compensation.

 

 

Note
9 –
LEASES

 

With
the adoption of ASC 842, operating lease agreements are required to be recognized on the balance sheet as ROU assets and corresponding
lease liabilities.

 

On
August 1, 2019, the Company recognized ROU assets and lease liabilities of $638,246. The Company elected to not recognize ROU
assets and lease liabilities arising from short-term office leases (leases with initial terms of twelve months or less, which
are deemed immaterial) on the balance sheets. On June 1, 2019, the Company exercised its right to extend its existing lease of
office space for an additional five years.

 

When
measuring lease liabilities for leases that were classified as operating leases, the Company discounted lease payments using its
estimated incremental borrowing rate at August 1, 2019. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate applied was 12{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}.

 

The
following table presents net lease cost and other supplemental lease information:

 

   

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

 
Lease cost        
Operating lease cost (cost resulting from lease payments)   $ 38,437  
Short term lease cost      
Sublease income      
Net lease cost   $ 38,437  
         
Operating lease – operating cash flows (fixed payments)   $ 38,437  
Operating lease – operating cash flows (liability reduction)   $ 20,419  
Non-current leases – right of use assets   $ 560,883  
Current liabilities – operating lease liabilities   $ 89,222  
Non-current liabilities – operating lease liabilities   $ 497,714  

 

Future
minimum payments under non-cancelable leases for operating leases for the remaining terms of the leases following the three months
ended March 31, 2020:

 

Fiscal Year   Operating Leases  
Remainder of 2020   $ 115,311  
2021     158,372  
2022     163,132  
2023     168,028  
2024     173,060  
Total future minimum lease payments     777,903  
Amount representing interest     (190,967 )
Present value of net future minimum lease payments   $ 586,936  

 

Note
10 –
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

Chapter
11 Reorganization

 

On
August 7, 2020, the Company and Auctus, the Company’s largest unsecured creditor and a stockholder as of the Petition Date,
filed an Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”) and on October 30, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered an
order (the “Confirmation Order”) confirming the Plan, as amended. Amendments to the Plan are reflected in the Confirmation
Order. On November 16, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), the Plan became effective.

 

 

The
material features of the Plan, as amended and confirmed by the Confirmation Order, are as follows:

 

i. Treatment
of the financing to the Company by Auctus of up to $7,000,000 which Auctus has provided
or committed to provide consisting of the debtor-in-possession loans made to the Company
by Auctus during the Chapter 11 Case (the “DIP Funding”) and additional funding
as described below.
     
ii. Auctus
has provided $3,500,000 in funding to the Company (the “Initial Auctus Funding”)
and is to provide, subject to certain conditions, additional funding to the Company,
as needed, in an amount equal to $3,500,000, less the sum of the debtor-in-possession
loans made to the Company by Auctus during the Chapter 11 Case (inclusive of accrued
interest) (approximately $1,227,000 as of the Effective Date) and the costs incurred
by Auctus as the debtor-in-possession lender (the “DIP Costs”). In addition,
four other persons and entitles (collectively, the “Other Lenders”) who held
allowed general unsecured claims provided funding to the Company in the aggregate amount
of approximately $348,000 (the “Other Funding” and together with the Initial
Auctus Funding, the “Funding”). In consideration of the Funding, the Company
has issued the following:

 

a. Secured
convertible notes of the Company (each, a “Secured Convertible Note”) in
the principal amount equal to the Funding; the payment of the Secured Convertible Notes
is secured by the grant of a security interest in substantially all of the Company’s
assets; the Secured Convertible Notes have the following features:

 

  Maturity date of three years following the
Effective Date;
  Interest at the
rate of 7{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum;
  The right of the
holder to convert the indebtedness into shares of common stock of the Company at a price equal to the volume weighted average
price for the common stock over the five trading days immediately preceding the conversion; and
  Mandatory conversion of all indebtedness
at such time as the common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market or another senior exchange on the same terms as provided
to investors in connection with a public offering undertaken in connection with such listing;

 

b. Warrants
(each, a “Class A Warrant”) to purchase a number of shares of common stock
equal to the amount of the Funding provided divided by $0.0005 (a total of 7,000,000,000
Class A Warrants in consideration of the Initial Auctus Funding and a total of approximately
697,000,000 Class A Warrants in the aggregate in consideration of the Other Funding),
such Class A Warrants having an exercise price of $0.0005 per share; and

 

c. Warrants
(each, a “Class B Warrant” and together with the Class A Warrants, the “Plan
Warrants”) to purchase a number of shares of common stock equal to the Funding
provided divided by $0.001 (a total of 3,500,000,000 Class B Warrants in consideration
of the Initial Auctus Funding and a total of approximately 348,500,000 Class B Warrants
in the aggregate in consideration of the Other Funding), such Class B Warrants having
an exercise price of $0.001 per share.

 

iii. The
obligation to Auctus with respect to the DIP Funding has been exchanged for the following:

 

a. A
Secured Convertible Note in the principal amount of approximately $1,349,591 (110{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} DIP
Funding);

 

b. A
Class A Warrant to purchase 2,453,802,480 shares of common stock; and

 

 

c. A
Class B Warrant to purchase 1,226,901,240 shares of common stock (as to which 382,226,703
shares of common stock have been exercised on a net exercise basis, pursuant to the terms
of the Class B Warrant, with respect to the issuance of 361,176,200 shares of common
stock).

 

In
addition, Auctus shall be entitled to receive a Secured Convertible Note, a Class A Warrant and a Class B Warrant in exchange
for its allowed DIP Costs and allowed Plan costs in a manner in which the DIP Funding was treated.

 

The
claim arising from the secured promissory notes of the Company, dated February 20, 2020 and February 26, 2020, in the original
principal amounts of $320,200.49 and $33,561.50, respectively, issued to John Desmarais (“Desmarais”) (collectively,
the “Desmarais Notes”), was treated as an allowed secured claim in the aggregate amount of $490,698.81 and was exchanged
for a Secured Convertible Note in such amount.

 

iv. The
claim arising from the promissory note issued in June 2016 by the Company to Desmarais
in the original principal amount of $175,000 was treated as an allowed general unsecured
claim in the amount of $245,191.78 and was satisfied and exchanged for 24,519,200 shares
of common stock.

 

v. The
claim arising from the promissory note issued in June 2016 by the Company to Tuxis Trust,
an entity related to Desmarais, in the original principal amount of $500,000 was treated
as follows:

 

a. $444,534,43
was treated as an allowed general unsecured claim in such amount and exchanged for 44,453,400
shares of common stock; and

 

b. $309,301.19
was treated as an allowed secured claim in such amount and exchanged for a Secured Convertible
Note in such amount.

 

vi. Holders
of allowed general unsecured claims (other than Auctus and the Other Lenders) received
an aggregate of 1,049,726,797 shares of common stock (in book entry form) in exchange
for approximately $10,497,268 in outstanding accounts payable and convertible debt (including
accrued interest), with such shares being subject to a leak-out restriction prohibiting
each holder from selling, without consent of the Company, more than 33{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of its shares
during each of the three initial 30 day periods following the Effective Date.

 

vii. Auctus
and the Other Lenders have been issued, in respect of their allowed general unsecured
claims ($3,261,819 in the case of Auctus and an aggregate of approximately $382,400 in
the case of the Other Lenders), a convertible promissory note of the Company (each, an
“Unsecured Convertible Note”) in the allowed amount of the claim, which Unsecured
Convertible Notes have the following material features:

 

a. Maturity
date of three years from the Effective Date;

 

b. Interest
at the rate of 5{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum;

 

c. The
right of the holder to convert the indebtedness into shares of common stock at a price
equal to the volume weighted average for the common stock over the five trading days
immediately preceding the conversion;

 

d. Mandatory
conversion of all outstanding indebtedness at such time as the common stock listed on
the Nasdaq Capital Market or another senior exchange on the same terms as provided to
investors in connection with a public offering undertaken in connection with such listing;
and

 

 

e. A
leak-out restriction prohibiting each holder from selling, without the consent of the
Company, more than 16.6{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} of the underlying shares received upon conversion during each
of the six initial 30 day periods following the Effective Date.

 

viii. The
issuance of (a) the shares of common stock and the Unsecured Convertible Notes to the
holders of allowed general unsecured claims and (b) the Secured Convertible Notes and
Plan Warrants to Auctus in exchange for the DIP Funding and any common stock into which
those Secured Convertible Notes and those Plan Warrants may be converted is exempt from
the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to
the Bankruptcy Code Section 1145. Such securities shall be freely transferrable subject
to Section 1145(b)(i) of the Bankruptcy Code.

 

Pursuant
to the Plan, on the Effective Date, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation pursuant
to which, among other things, the number of shares of common stock authorized to be issued by the Company has been increased to
300,000,000,000 and the par value of the shares of common stock has been reduced to $0.0001 per share.

 

Debtor-in-Possession
Financing

 

In
connection with the Chapter 11 Case, the Company received debtor-in-possession loans of $1,189,413 in the aggregate from Auctus.

 

The
proceeds from the DIP Funding were used (a) for working capital and other general purposes of the Company; (b) United States Trustee
fees; (c) Bankruptcy Court approved professional fees and other administrative expenses arising in the Chapter 11 Case; and (d)
interest, fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with the DIP Funding, including professional fees.

 

The
maturity date of the DIP Funding was to be the earliest to occur of (a) July 6, 2020; (b) ten days following entry of an order
confirming a chapter 11 plan in the Chapter 11 Case; (c) ten days following the entry of an order approving the sale of the Company
or the Company’s assets; or (d) the occurrence of an event of default under the promissory note evidencing the DIP Funding
(the “DIP Note”) following any applicable grace or cure periods.

 

Interest
on the outstanding principal amount of the DIP Note was to be payable in arrears on the maturity date at the rate of 8{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum.
Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default, all obligations under the DIP Note were to bear interest
at a rate equal to the then current rate plus an additional 2{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum.

 

As
discussed above, pursuant to the Plan, the obligation to Auctus with respect to the DIP Funding has been exchanged for a Second
Convertible Note.

 

Appointment
or Departure of Directors and Certain Officers

 

On
November 16, 2020, as contemplated by the Plan, Mr. Weinreb, A. Jeffrey Radov, Paul Jude Tonna and Robert B. Catell resigned as
directors of the Company and Mr. Weinreb resigned as the Company’s President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the
Board.

 

Effective
as of the Effective Date, as contemplated by the Plan, Lance Alstodt was elected President, Chief Executive Officer, Chairman
of the Board and a director of the Company and Francisco Silva, the Company’s Vice President, Research and Development,
was elected a director of the Company.

 

On
March 18, 2021, Nickolay Kukekov was elected a director of the Company.

 

On
March 18, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. 2021 Stock Incentive Plan (the
“Plan”). Pursuant to the Plan, a total of 4,700,000,000 shares of common stock are authorized to be issued pursuant
to the grant of stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights.

 

On
March 18, 2021, the Company and Lance Alstodt, its President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, entered into
an employment agreement (the “Alstodt Employment Agreement”) which provides for a term ending on March 18, 2026. Pursuant
to the Alstodt Employment Agreement, Mr. Alstodt is entitled to receive initially an annual salary of $250,000. Mr. Alstodt’s
annual salary will increase by $50,000 per year. In addition, in the event certain performance goals are met, Mr. Alstodt’s
salary will increase by $150,000. The Alstodt Employment Agreement also provides for the grant to Mr. Alstodt pursuant to the
Plan of (i) a ten year option for the purchase of 1,173,917,974 shares of common stock of the Company and (ii) 586,958,987 restricted
stock units of the Company (“RSUs”).

 

On
March 18, 2021, the Company and Francisco Silva, its Vice President, Research and Development, entered into an employment agreement
(the “Silva Employment Agreement”) which provides for a term ending on March 18, 2026. Pursuant to the Silva Employment
Agreement, Mr. Silva is entitled to receive initially an annual salary of $225,000. Mr. Silva’s annual salary will increase
by $50,000 per year. In addition, in the event certain performance goals are met, Mr. Silva’s salary will increase by $150,000.
The Silva Employment Agreement also provides for the grant to Mr. Silva pursuant to the Plan of (i) a ten year option for the
purchase of 1,173,917,974 shares of common stock of the Company and (ii) 586,958,987 RSUs.

 

 

ITEM
2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Note
Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

This
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes a number of forward-looking statements that reflect management’s current views with
respect to future events and financial performance.
Forward-looking
statements are projections in respect of future events or our future financial performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking
statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,”
“believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or
the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements include statements
regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of us and members of our management team, as well as the assumptions on which
such statements are based. Prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of
future performance and involve risk and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by
such forward-looking statements.
These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties
and other factors, including the risks set forth in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”)
on March 18, 2021, any of which may cause our company’s or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance
or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed
or implied in our forward-looking statements. These risks and factors include, by way of example and without limitation:

 

our
ability to obtain financing needed to commence and complete our clinical trials;
our
ability to achieve and sustain profitability of the existing lines of business through expansion;
our
ability to attract and retain world-class research and development talent;
our
ability to identify potential acquisition targets within predetermined parameters;
our
ability to successfully execute acquisitions, integrate the acquired businesses and create synergies;
our
ability to attract and retain key science, technology or management personnel and to expand our management team;
the
accuracy of estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements, profitability, and needs for additional financing;
business
interruptions resulting from geo-political actions, including war, and terrorism or disease outbreaks (such as the recent
outbreak of COVID-19);
our
ability to attract and retain clients; and
our
ability to navigate through the increasingly complex therapeutic regulatory environment.

 

Although
we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results,
levels of activity, or performance. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States,
we do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.

 

Readers
are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and in our other reports filed with
the SEC. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence
of unanticipated events, or changes in the future operating results over time, except as required by law. We believe that our
assumptions are based upon reasonable data derived from and known about our business and operations. No assurances are made that
actual results of operations or the results of our future activities will not differ materially from our assumptions.

 

As
used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and unless otherwise indicated, the terms “Company,” “we,”
“us,” and “our” refer to BioRestorative Therapies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“BRT”), and
its wholly owned subsidiary, Stem Pearls, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Stem Pearls”). Unless otherwise
specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in United States dollars.

 

 

Intellectual
Property

 

This
report includes references to our federally registered trademarks, BioRestorative Therapies and Dragonfly design, BRTX-100,
ThermoStem and Stem Pearls
. We also own an allowed trademark application for BRTX. The Dragonfly Logo is also registered
with the U.S. Copyright Office. This report also includes references to trademarks, trade names and service marks that are the
property of other organizations. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this report appear without
the ®, SM or ™ symbols, and copyrighted content appears without the use of the symbol ©, but the absence
of use of these symbols does not reflect upon the validity or enforceability of the intellectual property owned by us or third
parties

 

Corporate
History

 

BioRestorative
Therapies, Inc. has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Stem Pearls. BioRestorative Therapies, Inc. and its subsidiary are referred to
collectively as “BRT” or the “Company”.

 

On
March 20, 2020 (the “Petition Date”), the Company filed a voluntary petition commencing a case (the “Chapter
11 Case”) under Chapter 11 of title 11 of the U.S. Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of
New York (the “Bankruptcy Court”).

 

On
August 7, 2020 the Company and Auctus Fund, LLC (“Auctus”), the Company’s largest unsecured creditor and a stockholder
as of the Petition Date, filed an Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”) and on October 30, 2020, the Bankruptcy
Court entered an order (the “Confirmation Order”) confirming the Plan, as amended. Amendments to the Plan are reflected
in the Confirmation Order. On November 16, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), the Plan became effective. See Note 10 –
Subsequent Events in Party I, Item I of this report for additional information.

 

Business
Overview

 

We
develop therapeutic products and medical therapies using cell and tissue protocols, primarily involving adult stem cells. We are
currently pursuing our Disc/Spine Program with our initial investigational therapeutic product and lead cell therapy candidate
being called BRTX-100. We submitted an IND application to the FDA to obtain authorization to commence a Phase 2 clinical
trial investigating the use of BRTX-100 in the treatment of chronic lower back pain arising from degenerative disc disease.
We have received such authorization from the FDA. We intend to commence such clinical trial during the third quarter of 2021 (assuming
the receipt of necessary funding). We have obtained a license to use technology for investigational adult stem cell treatment
of disc and spine conditions, including protruding and bulging lumbar discs. The technology is an advanced stem cell injection
procedure that may offer relief from lower back pain, buttock and leg pain, and numbness and tingling in the leg and foot. We
are also developing our ThermoStem Program. This pre-clinical program involves the use of brown adipose (fat) in connection
with the cell-based treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity as well as hypertension, other metabolic disorders and cardiac deficiencies.
United States patents related to the ThermoStem Program were issued in September 2015, January 2019, and March 2020; a
notice of allowance was issued in November 2020 for a United States patent application in the ThermoStem Program and is
expected to issue in 2021; Australian patents related to the ThermoStem Program were issued in April 2017 and October 2019;
a Japanese patent related to the ThermoStem Program was issued in December 2017; Israeli patents related to the ThermoStem
Program
were issued in October 2019 and May 2020; and European patents related to the ThermoStem Program were issued
in April 2020 and January 2021.

 

We
have licensed a patented curved needle device that is a needle system designed to deliver cells and/or other therapeutic products
or materials to the spine and discs or other potential sites. We anticipate that FDA approval or clearance will be necessary for
this device prior to commercialization. We do not intend to utilize this device in connection with our contemplated Phase 2 clinical
trial with regard to BRTX-100.

 

Revenue

 

The
Company derives all of its revenue pursuant to a license agreement between the Company and a stem cell treatment company (“SCTC”)
entered into in January 2012, as amended in November 2015. Pursuant to the license agreement, the SCTC granted to the Company
a license to use certain intellectual property related to, among other things, stem cell disc procedures and the Company has granted
to the SCTC a sublicense to use, and the right to sublicense to third parties the right to use, in certain locations in the United
States and the Cayman Islands, certain of the licensed intellectual property. In consideration of the sublicenses, the SCTC has
agreed to pay the Company royalties on a per disc procedure basis.

 

 

Results
of Operations

 

Comparison
of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

 

Our
financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are summarized as follows in comparison to the three months ended
March 31, 2019:

 

    For The Three Months Ended  
    March 31,  
    2020     2019  
Revenues   $ 26,000     $ 29,000  
                 
Operating Expenses:                
Marketing and promotion     22,008       15,837  
Consulting     34,012       599,734  
Research and development     186,328       455,006  
General and administrative     602,641       1,286,759  
Total Operating Expenses     844,989       2,357,336  
Loss From Operations     (818,989 )     (2,328,336 )
                 
Other Expense:                
Interest expense     (2,866,036 )     (316,944 )
Amortization of debt discount     (1,066,526 )     (743,142 )
Loss on extinguishment of notes payable, net     (658,152 )     (448,486 )
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities     (2,141,069 )     (46,264 )
Total Other Expense     (6,731,783 )     (1,554,836 )
Net Loss   $ (7,550,772 )     (3,883,836 )

 

Revenues

 

For
the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, we generated $26,000 and $29,000, respectively, of royalty revenue in connection
with our sublicense agreement.

 

Marketing
and Promotion

 

Marketing
and promotion expenses include advertising and promotion, marketing and seminars, meals, entertainment and travel expenses. For
the three months ended March 31, 2020, marketing and promotion expenses increased by $6,171, or 39{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}, from $15,837 to $22,008 as
compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019.

 

We
expect that marketing and promotion expenses will increase in the future as we increase our marketing activities following full
commercialization of our products and services.

 

Consulting

 

Consulting
expenses consist of consulting fees and stock-based compensation to consultants. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, consulting
expenses decreased by $565,722, or 94{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}, from $599,734 to $34,012, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease
is primarily due to the Company eliminating the use of consultants as a result of reduced spending as the Company prepared to
enter Chapter 11.

 

 

Research
and development

 

Research
and development expenses include cash and non-cash compensation of (a) our Vice President of Research and Development; (b) our
Scientific Advisory Board members; and (c) laboratory staff and costs related to our brown fat and disc/spine initiatives. Research
and development expenses are expensed as they are incurred. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, research and development
expenses decreased by $268,678, or 59{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}, from $455,006 to $186,328, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease
is primarily due to the Company eliminating costs as a result of reduced spending as the Company prepared to enter Chapter 11.

 

We
expect that our research and development expenses will increase with the recommencement of our research and development initiatives
during the year ending December 31, 2021, following our emergence from Chapter 11.

 

General
and administrative

 

General
and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries, bonuses, payroll taxes, severance costs and stock-based compensation
to employees (excluding any cash or non-cash compensation of our Vice President of Research and Development and our laboratory
staff), as well as corporate expenses such as legal and professional fees, investor relations and occupancy related expenses.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, general and administrative expenses decreased by $684,118, or 53{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}, from $1,286,759
to $602,641, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease is primarily due to the Company eliminating certain
costs as a result of reduced spending as the Company prepared to enter Chapter 11.

 

We
expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase as we expand our staff, develop our infrastructure and incur
additional costs to support the growth of our business during the year ending December 31, 2021, following our emergence from
Chapter 11.

 

Interest
expense

 

For the three months ended
March 31, 2020, interest expense increased $2,549,092, or 804{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}, as compared to the three months ended March 31,
2019. The increase was due to the Company fully amortizing the remaining debt discount at March 31, 2020, of $2,583,1078
as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019.

 

Amortization
of debt discount

 

For
the three months ended March 31, 2020, amortization of debt discount increased $323,384, or 44{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3}, as compared to the three months
ended March 31, 2019. The increase was primarily due to increased exchanges of convertible notes and the timing of the recognition
of expense related to the bifurcated embedded conversion options of convertible notes.

 

Loss
on extinguishment of notes payable, net

 

For
the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of notes payable, net of $658,152, as compared to a loss
on extinguishment of notes payable, net of $448,486 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase is associated with debtholders’
exchanges of debt into equity securities.

 

Change
in fair value of derivative liabilities

 

For
the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recorded a loss related to the change in fair value of derivative liabilities of $2,141,069
due to the increase in time value of embedded conversion options within certain convertible notes payable, as compared to a loss
related to the change in fair value of derivative liabilities of $46,264 for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

 

 

Liquidity
and Capital Resources

 

Liquidity

 

We
measure our liquidity in a number of ways, including the following:

 

    March 31,     December 31,  
    2020     2019  
             
Cash   $ 4,780     $ 1,664  
                 
Working Capital Deficiency   $ (18,363,075 )   $ (13,651,716 )
                 
Notes Payable (Gross)   $ 8,021,695     $ 8,393,327  

 

Availability
of Additional Funds

 

Based
upon our working capital deficiency and stockholders’ deficit of $18,363,075 and $17,536,105, respectively,
as of March 31, 2020, as of such date, we required additional equity and/or debt financing to continue our operations.

 

As
of March 31, 2020, our outstanding debt of $8,021,695, together with interest at rates ranging between 12{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} and 15{14cc2b5881a050199a960a1a3483042b446231310e72f0dc471a7a1eddd6b0c3} per annum,
was due on various dates through December 18, 2020.

 

Our
operating needs include the planned costs to operate our business, including amounts required to fund working capital and capital
expenditures. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of our available funds will depend on many factors, including our
ability to successfully commercialize our products and services, competing technological and market developments, and the need
to enter into collaborations with other companies or acquire other companies or technologies to enhance or complement our product
and service offerings.

 

We
may be unable to raise sufficient additional capital when we need it or raise capital on favorable terms. We have granted a security
interest in all of our assets to certain lenders, including Auctus, in connection with our Chapter 11 plan of reorganization.
This may impede our ability to raise additional debt financing. In addition, future financing may require us to pledge certain
assets and enter into covenants that could restrict certain business activities or our ability to incur further indebtedness and
may contain other terms that are not favorable to our stockholders or us. If we are unable to obtain adequate funds on reasonable
terms, we may be required to significantly curtail or discontinue operations or obtain funds by entering into financing agreements
on unattractive terms.

 

Our
unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been prepared
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which contemplate our continuation
as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying
amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport
to represent realizable or settlement values. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustment
that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

The
following has been able to mitigate the above factors with regards to our ability to continue as a going concern: (i) as part
of our Chapter 11 reorganization approximately $14,700,000 in outstanding debt and other liabilities were exchanged for (a) shares
of common stock, (b) new convertible notes or (c) new convertible notes and warrants to purchase shares of common stock; (ii)
we secured DIP financing during our Chapter 11 reorganization in the aggregate amount of $1,189,413, and $3,848,548 in debt financing
as part of our Chapter 11 reorganization to sustain operations; and (iii) pursuant to the plan of reorganization, Auctus is required
to loan to us, as needed and subject to our becoming current in our SEC reporting obligations, an additional amount equal to $3,500,000,
less the amount of Auctus’ DIP financing ($1,226,901, inclusive of accrued interest) and its DIP costs. As a result of the
above, we have sufficient cash to fund operations for the twelve months subsequent to the filing date. In addition, the Company
will need to obtain further funding of at least $12,000,000 to commence and complete a Phase 2 clinical study of the use of BRTX-100.

 

 

Cash
Flows

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, our sources and uses of cash were as follows:

 

    Three Months Ended March 31,  
    2020     2019  
Net cash used in operating activities   $ (448,646 )   $ (1,980,162 )
Net cash provided by financing activities     451,762       2,358,918  
Increase in cash   $ 3,116     $ 378,756  

 

Operating
Activities

 

Net cash used in operating
activities was $448,646 for the three months ended March 31, 2020, primarily due to the net loss of $7,550,772 which
was partially offset by non-cash expenses of $6,950,957 related to amortization of debt discount, accretion
of interest expense, stock-based compensation, change in fair value of derivative liabilities, and loss on extinguishment of notes
payable and $151,169 of cash provided by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities, primarily as a
result of decreases in accounts payable and increases in prepaid expenses and other current assets, partially offset by an increase
in accrued interest, expenses and other current liabilities. Net cash used by operating activities was $1,980,162 for the
three months ended March 31, 2019, primarily due to net loss of $3,883,172, which was partially offset by non-cash expenses of
$1,990,038 related to stock-based compensation and $87,028 of cash used by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities,
primarily as a result of decreases in accounts payable and increases in prepaid expenses and other current assets, partially offset
by an increase in accrued interest, expenses and other current liabilities.

 

Financing
Activities

 

Net
cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $451,762, which was primarily due to $441,762
of net proceeds from debt financings and $10,000 of net proceeds from an equity financing. Net cash provided by financing activities
for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $2,358,918, which was due to $3,073,918 of net proceeds from debt financings and
$600,000 of net proceeds from equity financing, partially offset by payments on notes payable of $1,315,000.

 

We
anticipate that the costs to commence and complete our Phase 2 clinical trials with regard to our Disc/Spine Program will be at
least $12,000,000. In addition, we anticipate approximately $45,000,000 in additional funding will be needed to complete the clinical
trials using BRTX-100 (assuming the receipt of no revenues). As noted above in “Availability of Additional Funds”
we secured additional funding as part of Chapter 11 reorganization in the aggregate amount of $5,037,961 as well as approximately
$14,700,000 in outstanding debt and other liabilities being exchanged for (a) shares of common stock, (b) new convertible notes
or (c) new convertible notes and warrants to purchase shares of common stock. Additionally, pursuant to the plan of reorganization,
Auctus is required to loan to us, as needed and subject to our becoming current in our SEC reporting obligations, an additional
amount equal to $3,500,000, less the amount of Auctus’ DIP financing ($1,226,901, inclusive of accrued interest) and its
DIP costs. As a result of the above, we have sufficient cash to fund operations for the twelve months subsequent to the filing
date.

 

Effects
of Inflation

 

We
do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our business, revenues or operating results during the periods presented.

 

Significant
Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our
significant accounting policies are more fully described in the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
included herein for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and in the notes to our consolidated financial statements
included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the SEC on March 18, 2021.

 

 

Fair
Value Measurement

 

The
fair value measurement guidance clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a
market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in the valuation of
an asset or liability. It establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure
fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
(Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value
hierarchy under the fair value measurement guidance are described below:

 

Level
1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities;

 

Level
2 – Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially
the full term of the asset or liability; or

 

Level
3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable
(supported by little or no market activity).

 

Use
of Estimates

 

The
preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities
at dates of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during
the periods. Our significant estimates and assumptions include the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets, the fair
value of our common stock, stock-based compensation, warrants issued in connection with notes payable, derivative liabilities
and the valuation allowance related to our deferred tax assets. Certain of our estimates, including the carrying amount of the
intangible assets, could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to us and general economic conditions. It
is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on our estimates and could cause actual results to differ
from those estimates.

 

Intangible
Assets

 

Intangible
assets are comprised of trademarks and licenses with original estimated useful lives of 10 and 17.7 years, respectively. Once
placed into service, we amortize the cost of the intangible assets over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis.

 

Impairment
of Long-lived Assets

 

We
review for the impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of
an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future cash flows expected to result from
the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount. While our near term liquidity is tight, historically
we have been successful in raising capital as needed (although there can be no assurance that we will continue to be successful
in raising capital as needed). We continue to progress our scientific agenda and meet related milestones. We have not identified
any impairment losses.

 

Income
Taxes

 

We
recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of items that have been included or excluded
in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined
on the basis of the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts,
or temporary differences, at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse.

 

 

We
adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740-10, which prescribes a recognition threshold
and measurement process for unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements recognition and measurement of a tax position
taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.

 

Stock-Based
Compensation

 

We
measure the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For
employees and directors, the fair value of the award is measured on the grant date and for non-employees, the fair value of the
award is generally re-measured on vesting dates and interim financial reporting dates until the service period is complete. The
fair value amount is then recognized over the period during which services are required to be provided in exchange for the award,
usually the vesting period. Since the shares underlying our Equity Participation Plan were registered on May 27, 2014, we estimate
the fair value of the awards granted under the Plan based on the market value of our freely tradable common stock as reported
on the OTC. The fair value of our restricted equity instruments was estimated by management based on observations of the cash
sales prices of both restricted shares and freely tradable shares. Awards granted to directors are treated on the same basis as
awards granted to employees.

 

Derivative
Financial Instruments

 

We
evaluate our convertible instruments to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivative
financial instruments to be separately accounted for in accordance with Topic 815 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board
ASC. The accounting treatment of derivative financial instruments requires that we record embedded conversion options (“ECOs”)
and any related freestanding instruments at their fair values as of the inception date of the agreement and at fair value as of
each subsequent balance sheet date. Any change in fair value is recorded as non-operating, non-cash income or expense for each
reporting period at each balance sheet date. Conversion options are recorded as a discount to the host instrument and are amortized
as amortization of debt discount on the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements over the life of the underlying
instrument. We reassess the classification of our derivative instruments at each balance sheet date. If the classification changes
as a result of events during the period, the contract is reclassified as of the date of the event that caused the reclassification.

 

The
Multinomial Lattice Model and Black-Scholes Model were used to estimate the fair value of the ECOs of convertible notes payable,
the warrants, and stock options that are classified as derivative liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The models include
subjective input assumptions that can materially affect the fair value estimates. The expected volatility is estimated based on
the actual volatility during the most recent historical period of time equal to the weighted average life of the instruments.

 

New
and Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

 

Any
new and recently adopted accounting pronouncements are more fully described in Note 2 to our unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements herein for the quarter ended March 31, 2020.

 

Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements

 

We
have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial
condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital
resources that is material to stockholders.

 

Item
3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

Not
Applicable. As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

 

 

Item
4. Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

We
maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed
in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal
executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In
designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the
cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures
also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design
will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well
designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

 

Under
the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer, who is also our principal
financial officer, we are required to perform an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined
in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of March 31, 2020. Management has not completed such evaluation and, as such, has
concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required
to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within
the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including
our principal executive officer, who is also our principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosures. As a result of the material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting described below, we concluded
that our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2020 were not effective.

 

Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Management
and the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision
of its principal executive and principal financial officer and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management
and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of its
unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP.

 

Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, projections
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes
in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Material
Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Management
assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020 based on the
framework established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management has determined that the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting as of March 31, 2020 was not effective.

 

A
material weakness, as defined in the standards established by the Sarbanes-Oxley, is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies,
in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual
or interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

 

The
ineffectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was due to the following material weaknesses:

 

Inadequate
segregation of duties due to limited personnel consistent with control objectives;
Adherence
to formal policies and procedures post-bankruptcy; and
Lack
of risk assessment procedures on internal controls to detect financial reporting risks on a timely manner.

 

 

Changes
in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Other
than described above there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our first
quarter of 2020 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.

 

PART
II – OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item
1. Legal Proceedings

 

We
are currently not involved in any litigation that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or
results of operations. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government
agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our Company or any of our
subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our companies or our
subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse
effect.

 

Item
1A. Risk Factors

 

An
investment in our common stock involves a number of very significant risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors included
in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with
the SEC on March 18, 2021, in addition to other information contained in those reports and in this quarterly report in evaluating
the Company and its business before purchasing shares of our common stock. The Company’s business, operating results and
financial condition could be adversely affected due to any of those risks.

 

Item
2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use Of Proceeds

 

During
the three months ended March 31, 2020, we issued the following securities in transactions not involving any public offering. For
each of the following transactions, we relied upon Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”) as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering or Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act as a security
exchanged by an issuer with its existing security holders exclusively where no commission or other remuneration is paid or given
directly or indirectly for soliciting such exchange. For each such transaction, we did not use general solicitation or advertising
to market the securities, the securities were offered to a limited number of persons, the investors had access to information
regarding us (including information contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, our Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2019, Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, and press releases made by us), and we were available to answer questions by prospective investors. We reasonably
believe that each of the investors is an accredited investor. The proceeds were used to reduce our working capital deficiency
and for other corporate purposes.

 

 

          Warrants            

 

Date Issued

  Common Stock    

Shares

   

Exercise

Price

   

Term

(Years)

   

Purchaser(s)

   

Consideration(1)

 
1/2/2020     8,816,698                         (2)     $ 22,400 (3)
1/3/2020     21,491,659                         (2)     $ 50,495 (3)
1/6/2020     2,000,000                         (2)     $ 5,460 (3)
1/7/2020     19,005,770                         (2)     $ 48,431 (3)
1/8/2020     13,708,092                         (2)     $ 49,459 (3)
1/9/2020     21,924,215                         (2)     $ 51,031 (3)
1/10/2020           1,000,000     $ 0.015       5.0       (2)     $ 10,000 (3)
1/10/2020     10,971,915                         (2)     $ 29,897 (3)
1/13/2020     15,348,679                         (2)     $ 47,677 (3)
1/14/2020     14,697,339                         (2)     $ 32,171 (3)
1/15/2020     19,560,954                         (2)     $ 52,689 (3)
1/17/2020     8,919,974                         (2)     $ 15,003 (3)
1/20/2020     10,400,000                         (2)     $ 17,680 (3)
1/21/2020     8,000,000                         (2)     $ 11,200 (3)
1/22/2020     57,330,657                         (2)     $ 93,673 (3)
1/23/2020     28,437,198                         (2)     $ 32,164 (3)
1/24/2020     13,643,935                         (2)     $ 15,036 (3)
1/27/2020     36,900,000                         (2)     $ 40,629 (3)
1/28/2020     65,482,820                         (2)     $ 56,328 (3)
1/29/2020     49,741,600                         (2)     $ 33,945 (3)
1/30/2020     23,000,000                         (2)     $ 13,800 (3)
1/31/2020     26,312,182                         (2)     $ 11,577 (3)
2/3/2020     96,046,442                         (2)     $ 41,985 (3)
2/4/2020     57,837,500                         (2)     $ 23,135 (3)
2/5/2020     46,076,256                         (2)     $ 21,723 (3)
2/6/2020     34,400,000                         (2)     $ 13,760 (3)
2/7/2020     76,816,800                         (2)     $ 17,667 (3)
2/10/2020     42,200,000                         (2)     $ 7,174 (3)
2/11/2020     82,716,750                         (2)     $ 13,678 (3)
2/13/2020     47,450,000                         (2)     $ 5,694 (3)
2/19/2020     51,700,000                         (2)     $ 6,204 (3)
2/20/2020     203,480,727                         (2)     $ 25,950 (3)
2/21/2020     117,471,459                         (2)     $ 13,855 (3)
2/24/2020     66,313,462                         (2)     $ 5,769 (3)
2/25/2020     63,130,000                         (2)     $ 7,576 (3)
2/27/2020     54,466,667                         (2)     $ 3,268 (3)

 

  (1) The
value of the non-cash consideration was eliminated to be the fair value of our restricted common stock. Since our shares are
thinly traded in the open market, the fair value of our equity instruments was estimated based on observations of the cash
sale prices of both restricted shares and freely tradeable shares.
     
  (2) Accredited
investor.
     
  (3) Issued
in connection with the exchange of convertible notes payable.

 

Item
3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

 

None.

 

Item
4. Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not
Applicable.

 

Item
5. Other Information

 

None.

 

 

Item
6. Exhibits

 

 

* Filed
herewith.
** In
accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibit 32.1 is being furnished and not filed.

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC.

 

By: /s/
Lance Alstodt
 
  Lance
Alstodt
 
  Chief
Executive Officer, President, and Chairman of the Board
 
  (Principal
Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer)
 
Date:
March 29, 2021
 

 

 

Exhibit
31.1

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC.

PRINCIPAL
EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

I,
Lance Alstodt, certify that:

 

1. I
have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Biorestorative Therapies, Inc.;
   
2. Based
on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect
to the period covered by this report;
   
3. Based
on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
   
4. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f)) for the registrant and have:
   
  (a) designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to
us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
     
  (b) designed
such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
     
  (c) evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based
on such evaluation; and
     
  (d) disclosed
in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s
most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting; and
     
5. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors
(or persons performing the equivalent functions):
   
  (a) all
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
     
  (b) any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting.

 

By: /s/
Lance Alstodt
 
  Lance
Alstodt
 
  Principal
Executive Officer
 
Date:
March 29, 2021
 

 

 

Exhibit
31.2

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC.

PRINCIPAL
FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

I,
Lance Alstodt, certify that:

 

1. I
have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Biorestorative Therapies, Inc.;
   
2. Based
on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect
to the period covered by this report;
   
3. Based
on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
   
4. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f)) for the registrant and have:
   
  (a) designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to
us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
     
  (b) designed
such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
     
  (c) evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based
on such evaluation; and
     
  (d) disclosed
in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s
most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting; and
     
5. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors
(or persons performing the equivalent functions):
   
  (a) all
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
     
  (b) any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting.

 

By: /s/
Lance Alstodt
 
  Lance
Alstodt
 
  Principal
Financial Officer
 
Date:
March 29, 2021
 

 

 

Exhibit
32.1

 

BIORESTORATIVE
THERAPIES, INC.

CERTIFICATION
OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

In
connection with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for the period ended March 31, 2020 of Biorestorative Therapies, Inc. (the
“Company”) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the
undersigned, in the capacities and on the date indicated below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to his knowledge:

 

1.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation
of the Company.

 

By: /s/
Lance Alstodt
 
  Lance
Alstodt
 
  Principal
Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer
 
Date:
March 29, 2021
 

 

 

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